A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/URI.php

Line Number: 101

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Router.php

Line Number: 127

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 78

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 390

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated

Filename: database/DB_driver.php

Line Number: 371

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 132

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 290

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 164

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 233

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 313

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 354

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 284

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 291

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 306

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 316

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 318

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 319

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 377

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 108

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 110

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1279

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$cart is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1279

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 6
Function: __construct

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$ajax_pagination is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1279

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 10
Function: library

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$catalogue_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 353

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 11
Function: model

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Catalogue::$perPage is deprecated

Filename: controllers/Catalogue.php

Line Number: 12

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 12
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$cart is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$ajax_pagination is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$catalogue_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$perPage is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 925

Backtrace:

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/application/controllers/Catalogue.php
Line: 189
Function: view

File: /home/nphindia/public_html/dev.nphindia.com/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

Microbiological and Haemato-Immunological Approaches in Aquaculture

Microbiological and Haemato-Immunological Approaches in Aquaculture

by PHILOMINAL PATHINATHAN
 

PRICE: ₹ 5,995.00
DISCOUNT: ₹ 899.25
OUR PRICE: ₹ 5,095.75

  • Year: 2024
  • Paperback/Hardbound: Hardbound
  • ISBN: 9789356515864
  • Language: English
 
 

1. INTRODUCTION
2. CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
I. Laboratory Techniques
II. Important Equipment in Microbiology
1. Methods of Sterilization and Disinfection
2. Preparation of Reagents & 
3. Staining of Bacterial Specimens
4. Aerobic Culture of Bacteria
5. Anaerobic Culture of Bacterial Cells
6. The Motility of Bacteria
7. Pure Culture Techniques
8. Colony Characteristics and Colony Counting
9. Biochemical Tests for Bacteria
10. Histopathological Techniques
11. Collection and Preservation of Infected Fish
12. Preparation of Blood Smear from Fish
13. Preparation of Wet Mount from Fish Samples
3. MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES
1. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
2. Genomic DNA Extraction from Tissue Samples
3. DNA Quality and Quantification
4. Gel Electrophoresis
5. SDS – Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
6. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
7. Blotting Techniques
8. Southern Blotting
Contents
9. Random Primer Labelling
10. Immunohistometry
11. IMMUNODOT
12. Microplastic Isolation from Fish
13. Heavy Metal Analysis in Fish Sample
14. Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) Calculation Method
15. Anatomical Procedure in Fish
16. Real-Time PCR
4. HAEMATO-IMMUNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES
1. Determination of Erythrocyte Count.
2. Determination of Hemoglobin Levels
3. Haematocrit Value (HK, PCV)
4. Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
5. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)
6. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
8. Leucocrit Value (LC, BC)
9. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
10. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
11. Total Protein (TP)
12. Cholesterol Levels
13. Urea
14. Triacylglycerol (TAG)
15. Glucose.
16. Prophenol Oxidase (PPO)
17. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
18. Respiratory Burst Activity (RBA)
19. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) Activity
20. Serum Lysozyme Activity
21. Phagocytic Activity
22. Total Immunoglobulin in Serum
23. Serum Ceruloplasmin Level
24. Albumin